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Così fan tutte = Shakespearean problem play?

Così fan tutte  has always been the problem child of the Da Ponte operas. Critical favor has elided it in favor of  Figaro  and Giovanni , it's more illustrious siblings. This is partly because  Così 's  tone (or message -- or moral -- etc.) has been so difficult to pin down. This is a story of two young couples who have their sense of self and beliefs in love systematically dismantled. But the ending is happy, with all being forgiven and a double marriage!

summer reading (Richard Hugo)

Richard Hugo is most famous for this devastating little villanelle, called The Freaks at Spurgin Field Road . I just finished his first book, A Run of Jacks . I'd no idea it was his first book. I'll excerpt two stanzas from a poem called "Northwest Retrospective: Mark Tobey." (Mark Tobey was a painter.) Beyond Van Allen rings, the stars don't glitter, arrogant as moons. When did we start? Light-years ago. Why did we come? No matter. We are not returning to that world of ditch and strain, the research terms: cryogenic fuels, free radicals, plasma jets, coordinated fusion. Only the last, in all this void, applies. A universe is fusing in our eyes.

Yeats: cinematographer

Yeats had the tremendous ability of manipulating space and time in his poems. He can maintain tension even while focusing on a single image over two stanzas: ...Imagining that I could A greater with a lesser pang assuage Or but to find if withered vein ran blood, I tore my body that its wine might cover Whatever could recall the lip of lover. And after that I held my fingers up, Stared at the wine-dark nail, or dark that ran Down every withered finger from the top; But the dark changed to red, and torches shone, And deafening music shook the leaves;...

Shiji (史记)

A. Sima Qian's account in his seminal 史记 ( Shiji , History Record - usually translated as 'Records of the Grand Historian') of six assassins is probably the most absorbing part of that work. But why would Sima Qian devote a section on commoners in a work that otherwise considers only nobility and rulers? Perhaps the better question is: what's the effect of this inclusion on us?

summer reading

Frank Bidart, In the Western Night: Collected Poems, 1965-1990 Herta Mueller, The Land of Green Plums Susan Sontag, At the Same Time: Essays & Speeches Albert Camus, The Plague Don Delillo, White Noise Jorge Luis Borges, Collected Fictions John Ashbery, Planisphere * Elizabeth Bishop and Robert Lowell, Words in Air Shakespeare, The Sonnets and a Lover's Complaint